Next, for example, we will also use other gases in order to tap into other wavelengths and other optical properties and geometries." First, we tried out our technique with ordinary air. "However, we did not give up and finally found a solution with the support of researchers at the Technical University of Darmstadt as well as the company Inoson. At first, these seemed technically unfeasible," explains Heyl. "We've been thinking about this method for a long time and quickly realised that extreme sound levels are necessary. It can probably also be transferred to other optical elements such as lenses and waveguides. The principle of acoustic control of laser light in gases is not limited to the generation of optical gratings, the scientists emphasise. In contrast, we've managed to deflect laser beams in a quality-preserving way without contact." ![]() "In addition, the quality of the laser beam suffers. "In this power range, the material properties of mirrors, lenses, and prisms significantly limit their use, and such optical elements are easily damaged by strong laser beams in practice," explains Heyl. Lasers of this and even higher power classes are used, for example, for material processing, in fusion research, or for the latest particle accelerators. In their experiments, the researchers used an infrared laser pulse with a peak power of 20 gigawatts, which corresponds to the power of around two billion LED bulbs. The team sees great potential in the technique for high-performance optics. "Fortunately, we are in the ultrasound range, which our ears don't pick up." "We are moving at a sound level of about 140 decibels, which corresponds to a jet engine a few metres away," explains scientist Christoph Heyl from DESY and the Helmholtz Institute Jena, who is leading the research project. For the first test, the scientists had to turn their special loudspeakers way up. Significantly higher efficiencies should be possible in the future, according to numerical models. In the first laboratory tests, a strong infrared laser pulse could be redirected in this way with an efficiency of 50 percent. "The properties of the optical grating are influenced by the frequency and intensity - in other words, the volume - of the sound waves." "However, deflecting light by diffraction grating allows much more precise control of the laser light compared to deflection in the Earth's atmosphere," says Schrödel. In a way that is similar to how differential air densities bend the light in the Earth's atmosphere, the density pattern takes on the role of an optical grating that changes the direction of the laser light beam. With the help of special loudspeakers, the researchers shape a pattern of dense and less dense areas in the air, forming a striped grating. student at DESY and Helmholtz Institute Jena. "We've generated an optical grating with the help of acoustic density waves," explains first author Yannick Schrödel, a Ph.D. Please note that this kit does not include all required components for the experiments outlined in the laboratory manual.The innovative technique uses sound waves in order to modulate the air in the region where the laser beam is passing. The activities cover approximately 2-3 hours of classroom or laboratory time, and cover Common Core Standards and Next Generation Science Standards Concepts. The manual includes resources for instructors to help with lesson planning and to help student carry out the experiments. ![]() The included laboratory manual and student worksheet describes experiments useful in demonstrating the principles and physics of wavelengths. The components included allow students to create their own spectroscope! Easy to follow and fun to explore. This kit is designed for the exploration of wave and particle duality.
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